Learning Theories
Learning Theories
Learning
-
Involves the acquisition of new
elements of knowledge, skills, beliefs and specific behavior, may mean one or
more of all the mentioned.
-
The act of gaining knowledge (to learn
something), the knowledge gained by virtue of that act (that which is known)
the process of gaining knowledge (learning how).
-
It is an ongoing process of continued
adaptation to our environment, assimilation of new information and
accommodation of new input to fit prior knowledge.
Learning Theories
-
They are sets of conjectures and
hypothesis that explain the process or how learning takes place.
Principles of
Learning
-
Learning by doing is more effective
than just sitting and listening
-
Concepts should be presented in varied
or different ways
-
Learning is aided by formulating and
asking questions
-
Effort is put forth when tasks are
challenging
-
The principle of readiness is related
to the learner’s stage of development
Types of Learning
Theories
-
Behavioral Learning Theories
It
operates on a principle of “stimulus-response” and prefers to concentrate on
actual or observable behavior
- Cognitive
and Metacognitive Theories
Main
focus is on memory (the storage and retrieval of information)
Prefer
to concentrate on analyzing cognitive process
Believe
in the non-observable behavior
List of Behavioral
Learning Theory
·
Classical Conditioning
·
Connectionism
·
Operant Conditioning and Reinforcement
·
Social or Observational Learning
Theory
List of Cognitive and
Metacognitive Theories
·
David Ausbel’s Meaningful Reception
Theory
·
Jerome Bruner’s Discovery Learning
Theory or Inquiry Method/Theory of Instruction
·
Wolfgang Kohler’s Insight
Learning/Problem-Solving Theory
·
Richard Atkinson and Richard
Shiffrin’s Information Processing Theory
·
Robert Gagne’s Cumulative Learning
·
Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence
·
Kurt Lewin’s Field Theory
·
Urie Brofenbrenner’s Ecological
Systems Theory (environmental context)
·
Lev Vygotsky’s Social Constructivism
