Havighurst’s Developmental Stage and Tasks

 


Havighurst’s Developmental Stage and Tasks

 

Developmental Stage

Developmental Task

Infancy vs. Early Childhood

·         Eat solid foods

·         Walk

·         Talk

·         Control elimination of wastes

·         Relate emotionally to others

·         Distinguish right from wrong through development of conscience

·         Learn sex differences and sexual modesty

·         Achieve personal independence

·         Form simple concepts of social and physical reality

Middle Childhood

·         Learn physical skills required for games

·         Build healthy attitudes towards oneself

·         Learn to socialize with peers

·         Learn appropriate masculine or feminine role

·         Gain basic reading, writing and mathematical skills

·         Develop concepts necessary for everyday living

·         Formulate a conscience based on a value system

·         Achieve personal independence

·         Develop attitudes toward social groups and institutions

Adolescence

·         Establish more mature relationship with same-age individuals of both sexes

·         Achieve masculine or feminine social role

·         Accept own body

·         Establish emotional independence from parents

·         Achieve assurance or economic independence

·         Prepare for an occupation

·         Prepare for marriage and building of family

·         Acquire skills necessary to fulfill civic responsibilities

·         Develop a set of values that guides behavior

Early Adulthood

·         Select a partner

·         Learn to live with a partner

·         Start a family

·         Manage a home

·         Establish self in a career/occupation

·         Assume civic responsibilities

·         Become part of a social group

Middle Childhood

·         Fulfill civic and social responsibilities

·         Maintain an economic standard of living

·         Assist adolescent children to become responsible, happy adults

·         Relate one’s partner

·         Adjust to physiological changes

·         Adjust to ageing parents

Later Maturity

·         Adjust to physiological changes and alterations in health status

·         Adjust to retirement and altered income

·         Adjust to death of spouse

·         Develop affiliation with one’s age group

·         Meet civic and social responsibilities

·         Establish satisfactory living arrangements