Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development Theory

 

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development Theory

 

Stage	Age	Central Task	Positive Resolution	Negative Resolution
Infancy	Birth to 1 ½ y/o	Trust vs Mistrust	Learn to trust others	Mistrust, withdrawal, estrangement
Early Childhood	1 ½ to 3 y/o	Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt	Self-control without loss of self-esteem, Ability to cooperate and express oneself	Compulsive, self-restraint or compliance, Willfulness and defiance
Late Childhood	3 to 5 y/o	Initiative vs. Guilt	Learns to become assertive, Ability to evaluate one’s own behavior	Lack of self-confidence, pessimism, fear of wrongdoing, over-control and over-restriction
School Age	6 to 12 y/o	Industry vs. Inferiority	Learns to create, develop and manipulate, Develops sense of competence and perseverance	Loss of hope, sense of being mediocre, Withdrawal from school and peers
Adolescence	12 to 20 y/o	Identity vs. Role Confusion	Coherent sense of self, Plan’s to actualize one’s abilities	Feelings of confusion, indecisiveness and possible anti-social behavior
Young Adulthood	18 to 25 y/o	Intimacy vs. Isolation	Intimate relationship with another person, commitment to work and relationships	Impersonal relationships, Avoidance of relationship, career or lifestyle commitment
Adulthood	25 to 65 y/o	Generativity vs. Stagnation	Creativity, productivity, concern for others	Self-indulgence, self-concern, lack of interests and commitments
Maturity	65 y/o to Death	Integrity vs. Despair	Acceptance of worth and uniqueness of one’s own life, Acceptance of death	Sense of loss, contempt for others